To be published in "Idol Anxiety," edited by Josh Ellenbogen and Aaron Tugendhaft (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).

Since "Iconoclash" (see the review above), iconoclasm and related terms have been taken as fundamental, general categories for the interpretation of pictures. This essay is part of a project to historicize that interest, which I think goes to a late twentieth- and early twenty-first-century assumption about what pictures are.